OVERVIEW: ESM Systems are designed to detect, classify, and geolocate radar and communication emitters using techniques like high-resolution analysis and direction finding. Modern versions integrate TDOA and DF arrays for real-time precision.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION: These Electronic Support Measures (ESM) systems are capable of detecting radar and communication signals, classifying emitter types, and identifying specific systems based on signal parameters (PRI, frequency, pulse width, modulation). Advanced generations (1990s–2020s) added digital libraries and precise location via DF and multilateration (TDOA). Platforms include surface ships, aircraft, and unmanned systems. Real-time cueing is provided to EW, SIGINT, and kinetic systems.

ROLE SUMMARY:
Category: Electronic Support Measures (ESM)
Primary Use: Emitter detection, classification, and identification
Function: Passive signal acquisition, classification, and geolocation
Platform: Ships, aircraft, UAVs, land-based ELINT stations
Integration: Linked with EW suites, combat systems, threat libraries

See Specific information under [Sensors/EW] section.

SOURCE:
Thales, Rohde & Schwarz, and Elisra ESM/ELINT System Brochures
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_support_measures